diff --git a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Air/Aircraft.cs b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Air/Aircraft.cs
index 8b19fe40df..47c911cb4f 100644
--- a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Air/Aircraft.cs
+++ b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Air/Aircraft.cs
@@ -230,6 +230,15 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Common.Traits
 				repulsionForce += GetRepulsionForce(actor);
 			}
 
+			// Actors outside the map bounds receive an extra nudge towards the center of the map
+			if (!self.World.Map.Contains(self.Location))
+			{
+				// The map bounds are in projected coordinates, which is technically wrong for this,
+				// but we avoid the issues in practice by guessing the middle of the map instead of the edge
+				var center = WPos.Lerp(self.World.Map.ProjectedTopLeft, self.World.Map.ProjectedBottomRight, 1, 2);
+				repulsionForce += new WVec(1024, 0, 0).Rotate(WRot.FromYaw((self.CenterPosition - center).Yaw));
+			}
+
 			if (Info.CanHover)
 				return repulsionForce;
 
diff --git a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderFog.cs b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderFog.cs
index c668a2ffbe..063b71fc5a 100644
--- a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderFog.cs
+++ b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderFog.cs
@@ -31,7 +31,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Common.Traits
 			if (Info.Type == VisibilityType.Footprint)
 				return byPlayer.Shroud.AnyVisible(self.OccupiesSpace.OccupiedCells());
 
-			return byPlayer.Shroud.IsVisible(self.CenterPosition);
+			var pos = self.CenterPosition;
+			if (Info.Type == VisibilityType.GroundPosition)
+				pos -= new WVec(WDist.Zero, WDist.Zero, self.World.Map.DistanceAboveTerrain(pos));
+
+			return byPlayer.Shroud.IsVisible(pos);
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderShroud.cs b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderShroud.cs
index a49182845f..739066e5a3 100644
--- a/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderShroud.cs
+++ b/OpenRA.Mods.Common/Traits/Modifiers/HiddenUnderShroud.cs
@@ -42,7 +42,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Common.Traits
 			if (Info.Type == VisibilityType.Footprint)
 				return byPlayer.Shroud.AnyExplored(self.OccupiesSpace.OccupiedCells());
 
-			return byPlayer.Shroud.IsExplored(self.CenterPosition);
+			var pos = self.CenterPosition;
+			if (Info.Type == VisibilityType.GroundPosition)
+				pos -= new WVec(WDist.Zero, WDist.Zero, self.World.Map.DistanceAboveTerrain(pos));
+
+			return byPlayer.Shroud.IsExplored(pos);
 		}
 
 		public bool IsVisible(Actor self, Player byPlayer)
diff --git a/mods/cnc/rules/defaults.yaml b/mods/cnc/rules/defaults.yaml
index b4dd0a4f0b..bd13ca3576 100644
--- a/mods/cnc/rules/defaults.yaml
+++ b/mods/cnc/rules/defaults.yaml
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
 		CruisingCondition: cruising
 		CanHover: True
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 	ActorLostNotification:
 	Explodes:
 		Weapon: HeliExplode
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 	AppearsOnRadar:
 		UseLocation: yes
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 		AlwaysVisibleStances: None
 	ActorLostNotification:
 	AttackMove:
diff --git a/mods/d2k/rules/defaults.yaml b/mods/d2k/rules/defaults.yaml
index ca0edf36ba..82510b2530 100644
--- a/mods/d2k/rules/defaults.yaml
+++ b/mods/d2k/rules/defaults.yaml
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
 	AppearsOnRadar:
 		UseLocation: true
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 		AlwaysVisibleStances: None
 	ActorLostNotification:
 	AttackMove:
diff --git a/mods/ra/rules/defaults.yaml b/mods/ra/rules/defaults.yaml
index 8e17e5ac05..157ae8fe77 100644
--- a/mods/ra/rules/defaults.yaml
+++ b/mods/ra/rules/defaults.yaml
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
 		TargetTypes: Air
 		RequiresCondition: airborne
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 	AttackMove:
 	Guard:
 	Guardable:
diff --git a/mods/ts/rules/defaults.yaml b/mods/ts/rules/defaults.yaml
index 435e15b237..70809b20e0 100644
--- a/mods/ts/rules/defaults.yaml
+++ b/mods/ts/rules/defaults.yaml
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
 	Voiced:
 		VoiceSet: Heli
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 	AttackMove:
 		Voice: Move
 	ActorLostNotification:
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@
 	Armor:
 		Type: Heavy
 	HiddenUnderFog:
-		Type: CenterPosition
+		Type: GroundPosition
 	AutoTargetIgnore:
 	ScriptTriggers:
 	Tooltip: