diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Actor.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Actor.cs
index 2be06e73a3..0e0e54bcdc 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Actor.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Actor.cs
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 		public float2 renderLocation;
 		public int palette;
 		public abstract Sprite[] CurrentImages { get; }
-		public abstract void Tick( World world, double t );
+		public virtual void Tick(World world, double t) { }
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Clock.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Clock.cs
deleted file mode 100644
index 806ae14b2b..0000000000
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Clock.cs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Text;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-
-namespace OpenRa.Game
-{
-	public static class Clock
-	{
-		[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
-		static extern bool QueryPerformanceCounter(out long value);
-		[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
-		static extern bool QueryPerformanceFrequency(out long frequency);
-
-		static int frameCount = 0;
-		static long frequency;
-		static long lastTime;
-		static double frameTime = 0;
-		static double totalTime = 0;
-		const int FramerateUpdateFrequency = 10;
-		static int lastFrameRate = 0;
-		static int lastFrameCount = 0;
-		static double nextFrameRateUpdateTime = 0;
-
-		static Clock()
-		{
-			QueryPerformanceFrequency(out frequency);
-			QueryPerformanceCounter(out lastTime);
-		}
-
-		public static void Reset()
-		{
-			totalTime = 0;
-		}
-
-		public static void StartFrame()
-		{
-			long time;
-			QueryPerformanceCounter(out time);
-
-			frameTime = (double)(time - lastTime) / (double)frequency;
-			totalTime += frameTime;
-
-			lastTime = time;
-
-			frameCount++;
-
-			if (totalTime > nextFrameRateUpdateTime)
-			{
-				nextFrameRateUpdateTime += (1.0 / FramerateUpdateFrequency);
-				const int OldFramerateWeight = 20;
-				const int NewFramerateWeight = 1;
-				int newFrameRate = (frameCount - lastFrameCount) * FramerateUpdateFrequency;
-				lastFrameRate = (lastFrameRate * OldFramerateWeight + NewFramerateWeight * newFrameRate) 
-					/ (OldFramerateWeight + NewFramerateWeight);
-				lastFrameCount = frameCount;
-			}
-		}
-
-		public static double Time
-		{
-			get { return totalTime; }
-		}
-
-		public static int FrameRate
-		{
-			get { return lastFrameRate; }
-		}
-
-		public static double FrameTime
-		{
-			get { return frameTime; }
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/ConstructionYard.cs b/OpenRa.Game/ConstructionYard.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92f81337d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/ConstructionYard.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Text;
+using BluntDirectX.Direct3D;
+
+namespace OpenRa.Game
+{
+	class ConstructionYard : Actor
+	{
+		static Range<int> normalSequence = UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit("fact");
+		static Range<int> makeSequence = UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit("factmake");
+
+		Range<int> sequence = makeSequence;
+		int frame = -1;
+
+		public ConstructionYard(float2 location, int palette)
+		{
+			this.renderLocation = location;
+			this.palette = palette;
+		}
+
+		public override Sprite[] CurrentImages
+		{
+			get
+			{
+				if ((sequence.Start == makeSequence.Start) && ++frame >= sequence.End - sequence.Start)
+				{
+					frame = 0;
+					sequence = normalSequence;
+				}
+
+				return new Sprite[] { UnitSheetBuilder.sprites[sequence.Start + frame] };
+			}
+		}
+
+		public override void Tick(World world, double t) { }
+	}
+}
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/MainWindow.cs b/OpenRa.Game/MainWindow.cs
index ad926cf8e1..fd88c492fc 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/MainWindow.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/MainWindow.cs
@@ -60,17 +60,30 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			foreach (TreeReference treeReference in map.Trees)
 				world.Add(new Tree(treeReference, treeCache, map));
 
+			PrecacheStructure("proc");
+			PrecacheStructure("fact");
+			PrecacheUnit("mcv");
+
 			world.Add(new Mcv(new int2(5, 5), 3));
 			world.Add(new Mcv(new int2(7, 5), 2));
 			Mcv mcv = new Mcv( new int2( 9, 5 ), 1 );
 			myUnit = mcv;
 			world.Add( mcv );
 
-			world.Add(new Refinery(24 * new float2(5, 7), 1));
-
 			sidebar = new Sidebar(Race.Soviet, renderer, viewport);
 		}
 
+		void PrecacheStructure(string name)
+		{
+			UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit(name);
+			UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit(name + "make");
+		}
+
+		void PrecacheUnit(string name)
+		{
+			UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit(name);
+		}
+
 		internal void Run()
 		{
 			while (Created && Visible)
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Mcv.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Mcv.cs
index f4c96ed0ae..74c7e19145 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Mcv.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Mcv.cs
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 {
 	class Mcv : Actor, ISelectable
 	{
-		static Range<int>? mcvRange = null;
+		static Range<int> mcvRange = UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit("mcv");
+
 		int facing = 0;
 		int2 fromCell, toCell;
 		int moveFraction, moveFractionTotal;
@@ -18,28 +19,16 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 		TickFunc currentOrder = null;
 		TickFunc nextOrder = null;
 
-		public Mcv( int2 cell, int palette )
+		public Mcv(int2 cell, int palette)
 		{
 			fromCell = toCell = cell;
-			float2 location = ( cell * 24 ).ToFloat2();
-			this.renderLocation = location - new float2( 12, 12 ); // HACK: display the mcv centered in it's cell
+			// HACK: display the mcv centered in it's cell;
+			renderLocation = (cell * 24).ToFloat2() - new float2(12, 12);
 			this.palette = palette;
-
-			if (mcvRange == null)
-				mcvRange = UnitSheetBuilder.AddUnit("mcv");
 		}
 
-		static float2[] fvecs;
-
-		static Mcv()
-		{
-			fvecs = new float2[32];
-			for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
-			{
-				float angle = i / 16.0f * (float)Math.PI;
-				fvecs[i] = new float2(-(float)Math.Sin(angle), -(float)Math.Cos(angle));
-			}
-		}
+		static float2[] fvecs = Util.MakeArray<float2>(32,
+			delegate(int i) { return -float2.FromAngle(i / 16.0f * (float)Math.PI); });
 
 		int GetFacing(float2 d)
 		{
@@ -49,7 +38,7 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			int highest = -1;
 			float highestDot = -1.0f;
 
-			for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+			for (int i = 0; i < fvecs.Length; i++)
 			{
 				float dot = float2.Dot(fvecs[i], d);
 				if (dot > highestDot)
@@ -64,10 +53,7 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 
 		public override Sprite[] CurrentImages
 		{
-			get
-			{
-				return new Sprite[] { UnitSheetBuilder.sprites[facing + mcvRange.Value.Start] };
-			}
+			get { return new Sprite[] { UnitSheetBuilder.sprites[facing + mcvRange.Start] }; }
 		}
 
 		const int Speed = 6;
@@ -95,13 +81,7 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 
 				int desiredFacing = GetFacing( ( toCell - fromCell ).ToFloat2() );
 				if( facing != desiredFacing )
-				{
-					int df = ( desiredFacing - facing + 32 ) % 32;
-					if( df > 16 )
-						facing = ( facing + 31 ) % 32;
-					else
-						facing = ( facing + 1 ) % 32;
-				}
+					Turn(desiredFacing);
 				else
 				{
 					moveFraction += speed;
@@ -112,13 +92,11 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 						fromCell = toCell;
 
 						if( toCell == destination )
-						{
 							currentOrder = null;
-						}
 						else
 						{
 							int2 dir = destination - fromCell;
-							toCell = fromCell + new int2( Math.Sign( dir.X ), Math.Sign( dir.Y ) );
+							toCell = fromCell + dir.Sign();
 							moveFractionTotal = ( dir.X != 0 && dir.Y != 0 ) ? 250 : 200;
 						}
 					}
@@ -126,39 +104,36 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 
 				float2 location;
 				if( moveFraction > 0 )
-				{
-					float frac = (float)moveFraction / moveFractionTotal;
-					location = 24 * ( ( 1 - frac ) * fromCell.ToFloat2() + frac * toCell.ToFloat2() );
-				}
+					location = 24 * float2.Lerp(fromCell.ToFloat2(), toCell.ToFloat2(), 
+						(float)moveFraction / moveFractionTotal);
 				else
 					location = 24 * fromCell.ToFloat2();
 
 				renderLocation = location - new float2( 12, 12 ); // HACK: center mcv in it's cell
 
-				renderLocation.X = (float)Math.Round( renderLocation.X );
-				renderLocation.Y = (float)Math.Round( renderLocation.Y );
+				renderLocation = renderLocation.Round();
 			};
 		}
 
+		void Turn(int desiredFacing)
+		{
+			int df = (desiredFacing - facing + 32) % 32;
+			facing = (facing + (df > 16 ? 31 : 1)) % 32;
+		}
+
 		public void AcceptDeployOrder()
 		{
 			nextOrder = delegate( World world, double t )
 			{
 				int desiredFacing = 12;
-				if( facing != desiredFacing )
-				{
-					int df = ( desiredFacing - facing + 32 ) % 32;
-					if( df > 16 )
-						facing = ( facing + 31 ) % 32;
-					else
-						facing = ( facing + 1 ) % 32;
-				}
+				if (facing != desiredFacing)
+					Turn(desiredFacing);
 				else
 				{
-					world.AddFrameEndTask( delegate
+					world.AddFrameEndTask(delegate
 					{
-						world.Add( new Refinery( ( fromCell * 24 - new int2( 24, 24 ) ).ToFloat2(), palette ) );
-					} );
+						world.Add(new ConstructionYard((fromCell * 24 - new int2(24, 24)).ToFloat2(), palette));
+					});
 					currentOrder = null;
 				}
 			};
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/OpenRa.Game.csproj b/OpenRa.Game/OpenRa.Game.csproj
index 5f1204f2ef..f79e7c6839 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/OpenRa.Game.csproj
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/OpenRa.Game.csproj
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <Compile Include="Actor.cs" />
-    <Compile Include="Clock.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="ConstructionYard.cs" />
     <Compile Include="float2.cs" />
     <Compile Include="int2.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ISelectable.cs" />
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Refinery.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Refinery.cs
index 52845edaee..d8529f6442 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Refinery.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Refinery.cs
@@ -9,13 +9,10 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 {
 	class Refinery : Actor
 	{
-		static Range<int>? refineryRange = null;
+		static Range<int> sequence = UnitSheetBuilder.GetUnit("proc");
 
 		public Refinery(float2 location, int palette)
 		{
-			if (refineryRange == null)
-				refineryRange = UnitSheetBuilder.AddUnit("proc");
-
 			this.renderLocation = location;
 			this.palette = palette;
 		}
@@ -26,10 +23,8 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 		{
 			get
 			{
-				return new Sprite[] { UnitSheetBuilder.sprites[refineryRange.Value.Start + GetFrame()] };
+				return new Sprite[] { UnitSheetBuilder.sprites[sequence.Start + GetFrame()] };
 			}
 		}
-
-		public override void Tick( World world, double t ) { }
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Settings.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Settings.cs
index 720eddb564..512f859ff0 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Settings.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Settings.cs
@@ -22,15 +22,9 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			}
 		}
 
-		public bool Contains(string key)
-		{
-			return settings.ContainsKey(key);
-		}
+		public bool Contains(string key) { return settings.ContainsKey(key); }
 
-		public string GetValue(string key, string defaultValue)
-		{
-			return Contains(key) ? settings[key] : defaultValue;
-		}
+		public string GetValue(string key, string defaultValue) { return Contains(key) ? settings[key] : defaultValue; }
 
 		public int GetValue(string key, int defaultValue)
 		{
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Tree.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Tree.cs
index ba134b8ccd..1938d0efd5 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Tree.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Tree.cs
@@ -15,11 +15,7 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 		}
 
 		Sprite[] currentImages;
-		public override Sprite[] CurrentImages
-		{
-			get { return currentImages; }
-		}
 
-		public override void Tick( World world, double t ) { }
+		public override Sprite[] CurrentImages { get { return currentImages; } }
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/UnitSheetBuilder.cs b/OpenRa.Game/UnitSheetBuilder.cs
index e8c39d5319..2d6034f9f1 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/UnitSheetBuilder.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/UnitSheetBuilder.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 
 		public static readonly List<Sprite> sprites = new List<Sprite>();
 
+		static Dictionary<string, Range<int>> sequences = new Dictionary<string, Range<int>>();
+
 		static ShpReader Load(string filename)
 		{
 			foreach( Package p in new Package[] { unitsPackage, otherUnitsPackage } )
@@ -23,14 +25,25 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			throw new NotImplementedException();
 		}
 
-		public static Range<int> AddUnit( string name )
+		public static Range<int> GetUnit(string name)
+		{
+			Range<int> result;
+			if (sequences.TryGetValue(name, out result))
+				return result;
+
+			return AddUnit(name);
+		}
+
+		static Range<int> AddUnit( string name )
 		{
 			int low = sprites.Count;
 			ShpReader reader = Load(name + ".shp");
 			foreach (ImageHeader h in reader)
 				sprites.Add(SheetBuilder.Add(h.Image, reader.Size));
 
-			return new Range<int>(low, sprites.Count - 1);
+			Range<int> sequence = new Range<int>(low, sprites.Count - 1);
+			sequences.Add(name, sequence);
+			return sequence;
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/Util.cs b/OpenRa.Game/Util.cs
index 8c0165d371..88ee729b68 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/Util.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/Util.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 		public static Vertex MakeVertex(float2 o, float2 uv, Sprite r, int palette)
 		{
 			return new Vertex(
-				Lerp( o, o + new float2(r.bounds.Size), uv ),
+				float2.Lerp( o, o + new float2(r.bounds.Size), uv ),
 				r.MapTextureCoords(uv), 
 				EncodeVertexAttributes(r.channel, palette));
 		}
@@ -45,11 +45,13 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			return (1 - t) * a + t * b;
 		}
 
-		static float2 Lerp(float2 a, float2 b, float2 t)
+		public static T[] MakeArray<T>(int count, Converter<int, T> f)
 		{
-			return new float2(
-				Lerp(a.X, b.X, t.X),
-				Lerp(a.Y, b.Y, t.Y));
+			T[] result = new T[count];
+			for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+				result[i] = f(i);
+
+			return result;
 		}
 
 		static float2[] uv = 
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/float2.cs b/OpenRa.Game/float2.cs
index 99096c3ac7..d08839a298 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/float2.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/float2.cs
@@ -20,14 +20,30 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 
 		public PointF ToPointF() { return new PointF(X, Y); }
 
-		public static float2 operator +(float2 a, float2 b)
+		public static float2 operator +(float2 a, float2 b) { return new float2(a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y); }
+		public static float2 operator -(float2 a, float2 b) { return new float2(a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y); }
+
+		public static float2 operator -(float2 a) { return new float2(-a.X, -a.Y); }
+
+		static float Lerp(float a, float b, float t) { return (1 - t) * a + t * b; }
+
+		public static float2 Lerp(float2 a, float2 b, float t)
 		{
-			return new float2(a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y);
+			return new float2(
+				Lerp(a.X, b.X, t),
+				Lerp(a.Y, b.Y, t));
 		}
 
-		public static float2 operator -(float2 a, float2 b)
+		public static float2 Lerp(float2 a, float2 b, float2 t)
 		{
-			return new float2(a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y);
+			return new float2(
+				Lerp(a.X, b.X, t.X),
+				Lerp(a.Y, b.Y, t.Y));
+		}
+
+		public static float2 FromAngle(float a)
+		{
+			return new float2((float)Math.Sin(a), (float)Math.Cos(a));
 		}
 
 		public float2 Constrain(Range<float2> r)
@@ -55,21 +71,8 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 			return Math.Abs(d.X) < e && Math.Abs(d.Y) < e;
 		}
 
-		static float Sign(float f)
-		{
-			if (f > 0) return 1;
-			if (f < 0) return -1;
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-		public float2 Sign()
-		{
-			return new float2(Sign(X), Sign(Y));
-		}
-
-		public static float Dot(float2 a, float2 b)
-		{
-			return a.X * b.X + a.Y * b.Y;
-		}
+		public float2 Sign() { return new float2(Math.Sign(X), Math.Sign(Y)); }
+		public static float Dot(float2 a, float2 b) { return a.X * b.X + a.Y * b.Y; }
+		public float2 Round() { return new float2((float)Math.Round(X), (float)Math.Round(Y)); }
 	}
 }
diff --git a/OpenRa.Game/int2.cs b/OpenRa.Game/int2.cs
index 7363a1adf0..a87c2479bb 100644
--- a/OpenRa.Game/int2.cs
+++ b/OpenRa.Game/int2.cs
@@ -7,45 +7,32 @@ namespace OpenRa.Game
 {
 	struct int2
 	{
-		public int X;
-		public int Y;
+		public int X,Y;
 
 		public int2( int x, int y ) { this.X = x; this.Y = y; }
 		public int2( Point p ) { X = p.X; Y = p.Y; }
 		public int2( Size p ) { X = p.Width; Y = p.Height; }
 
-		public static int2 operator +( int2 a, int2 b )
-		{
-			return new int2( a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y );
-		}
+		public static int2 operator +(int2 a, int2 b) { return new int2(a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y); }
+		public static int2 operator -(int2 a, int2 b) { return new int2(a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y); }
+		public static int2 operator *(int a, int2 b) { return new int2(a * b.X, a * b.Y); }
+		public static int2 operator *(int2 b, int a) { return new int2(a * b.X, a * b.Y); }
 
-		public static int2 operator -( int2 a, int2 b )
-		{
-			return new int2( a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y );
-		}
+		public float2 ToFloat2() { return new float2(X, Y); }
 
-		public static int2 operator *( int a, int2 b )
-		{
-			return new int2( a * b.X, a * b.Y );
-		}
-		public static int2 operator *( int2 b, int a )
-		{
-			return new int2( a * b.X, a * b.Y );
-		}
+		public static bool operator ==(int2 me, int2 other) { return (me.X == other.X && me.Y == other.Y); }
+		public static bool operator !=(int2 me, int2 other) { return !(me == other); }
 
-		public float2 ToFloat2()
-		{
-			return new float2( X, Y );
-		}
+		public int2 Sign() { return new int2(Math.Sign(X), Math.Sign(Y)); }
+		public override int GetHashCode() { return X.GetHashCode() ^ Y.GetHashCode(); }
 
-		public static bool operator ==( int2 me, int2 other )
+		public override bool Equals(object obj)
 		{
-			return ( me.X == other.X && me.Y == other.Y );
-		}
+			if (obj == null)
+				return false;
 
-		public static bool operator !=( int2 me, int2 other )
-		{
-			return !( me == other );
+			int2 o = (int2)obj;
+			return o == this;
 		}
-}
+	}
 }